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The evidence

Every product, graded.

We read the research for each label we sell and grade it. Where the science is solid we say so. Where it is thin we say that too, and we do not claim a benefit the dose in the product cannot support.

What the grades mean

  • Strong evidence

    Many human trials agree, at the amount in this product.

  • Moderate evidence

    Human trials mostly agree, but they are small, short or mixed.

  • Early evidence

    A few small human studies or lab work. Promising, not proven.

A grade applies to one benefit of one product at the amount on its label. The same ingredient can earn a strong grade for one use and an early grade for another.

We only list a benefit when studies used a daily amount the product actually provides. Sources are numbered on each product page so you can read them yourself.

Performance

  • Creatine

    Creatine Monohydrate

    • Strong evidenceSupports muscle strength during resistance training*
    • Strong evidenceSupports performance in repeated short bursts of high-intensity exercise, such as sets of lifts or sprints*
    • Moderate evidenceSupports gains in lean body mass when combined with resistance training*
    • Early evidenceMay support working memory for a short time at loading doses (20 g a day); not shown at 5 g a day*
  • Whey Protein, Chocolate

    Whey Protein Isolate and Concentrate

    • Moderate evidenceProtein contributes to the growth and maintenance of muscle*
    • Moderate evidenceExtra protein supports small added gains in strength and lean mass from resistance training when your usual intake is below about 1.6 g per kg of body weight a day*
    • Moderate evidenceA serving of about 20 g of whey protein after resistance exercise supports muscle protein building in young adults*
  • Plant Protein, Vanilla

    Plant Protein Powder

    • Moderate evidenceProtein contributes to the growth and maintenance of muscle*
    • Moderate evidenceExtra protein supports small added gains in strength and lean mass from resistance training when your usual intake is below about 1.6 g per kg of body weight a day*
    • Early evidencePlant proteins can support training gains close to those of animal proteins when total protein intake is adequate; this fava and yeast blend is untested*
  • Creatine + Electrolytes

    Creatine Monohydrate with Electrolytes

    • Strong evidenceSupports muscle strength and repeated high-intensity effort during training*
    • Moderate evidenceSupports gains in lean body mass when combined with resistance training*
    • Moderate evidenceSodium replaces what is lost in sweat and helps the body hold on to fluid after long or heavy-sweat exercise*
  • BCAA 2:1:1

    Branched-Chain Amino Acids with L-Glutamine

    • Moderate evidenceVitamin B6 contributes to normal protein metabolism*
    • Moderate evidenceSupplies leucine, isoleucine and valine, three essential amino acids that are building blocks of muscle protein*
  • Beetroot

    Organic Beetroot Powder

    We make no health claim: the studies we found did not test the amount or form in this product.

Daily Essentials

  • Magnesium Glycinate

    Magnesium Glycinate

    • Moderate evidenceHelps you reach the recommended daily magnesium intake*
    • Moderate evidenceContributes to normal muscle and nerve function*
    • Early evidenceMay modestly improve self-rated sleep in adults who sleep poorly*
  • Vitamin D3

    Vitamin D3 2,000 IU

    • Strong evidenceRaises and maintains blood levels of vitamin D*
    • Moderate evidenceHelps the body absorb calcium and maintain normal bones*
    • Moderate evidenceContributes to normal muscle function*
    • Moderate evidenceContributes to normal immune function*
  • Omega-3

    Omega-3 Fish Oil

    • Strong evidenceRaises EPA and DHA levels in the blood*
    • Moderate evidenceProvides EPA and DHA, which contribute to normal heart function*
  • Men's Multi

    Multivitamin and Mineral

    • Moderate evidenceHelps fill gaps in vitamin and mineral intake when diet falls short*
    • Moderate evidenceProvides B vitamins that contribute to normal energy-yielding metabolism*
    • Moderate evidenceProvides vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc and selenium, which contribute to normal immune function*

Sleep and Stress

  • Sleep

    Melatonin Formula for Occasional Sleeplessness

    • Moderate evidenceHelps you fall asleep a little sooner on nights of occasional sleeplessness*
    • Moderate evidenceHelps ease the feelings of jet lag after flights across five or more time zones*
  • Ashwagandha Complex

    Ashwagandha Extract with Vitamins B6, B12 and D3

    • Moderate evidenceHelps the body handle occasional stress, with lower cortisol levels measured in trials*
    • Early evidenceMay support sleep quality*
    • Early evidenceMay support strength gains when combined with resistance training*
    • Moderate evidenceProvides vitamin D for normal muscle and immune function, and vitamins B6 and B12 for normal energy metabolism and nervous system function*

Gut and Immune

  • Probiotic 40

    Probiotic 40 Billion CFU

    • Early evidenceHelps support digestive health by supplying live probiotic bacteria*
  • Colostrum

    Bovine Colostrum Powder

    • Early evidenceHelps maintain normal gut barrier function in athletes during hard training*
  • Immune Support

    Immune Support Complex

    • Moderate evidenceVitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin B6 and zinc contribute to the normal function of the immune system*
    • Moderate evidenceVitamin C, vitamin E and zinc help protect cells from oxidative stress*
    • Moderate evidenceVitamin D helps the body absorb calcium and supports normal bones and muscles*
  • Gut Health

    Apple Cider Vinegar, Inulin, Enzymes and Probiotic

    We make no health claim: the studies we found did not test the amount or form in this product.

Metabolism

  • Berberine

    Berberine Hydrochloride Extract

    We make no health claim: the studies we found did not test the amount or form in this product.

  • Stoke

    Daily Formula with Chromium, Choline and B6

    • Moderate evidenceVitamin B6 and vitamin C contribute to normal energy-yielding metabolism*
    • Moderate evidenceVitamin B6 contributes to normal protein and glycogen metabolism*
    • Moderate evidenceVitamin C and vitamin B6 contribute to the normal function of the immune system*

Healthy Aging

  • Collagen Peptides, Unflavored

    Hydrolyzed Bovine Collagen Peptides

    • Moderate evidenceMay support skin hydration and elasticity*
    • Early evidenceMay support joint comfort during physical activity*
    • Early evidenceAlongside resistance training, may support tendon adaptation*
  • CoQ10

    Coenzyme Q10 200 mg

    • Moderate evidenceRaises blood levels of CoQ10*
    • Early evidenceSupplies CoQ10, which cells use to produce energy and as an antioxidant*
  • NMN

    β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide 500 mg

    • Moderate evidenceRaises NAD+ levels in the blood*
  • NAD+

    NAD+ with Quercetin and Resveratrol

    • Early evidenceResveratrol may support normal blood vessel function*

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.