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Is NMN safe during pregnancy?

Written by the Full Measure editorial team, which sells supplements. Approved for publication by the Full Measure owners. Updated .

Drafted with AI assistance from the sources listed below. How we write these

Quick answer

Europe's food safety agency assessed NMN at up to 300 mg a day in 2026 and limited its conclusion to adults, excluding pregnant and lactating women. We found no study of NMN supplements in pregnant women. Anyone who is pregnant should ask their doctor before using NMN.1

Key facts

  • EFSA's 2026 opinion on NMN covers adults and excludes pregnant and lactating women.1
  • A 90-day rat study in the opinion found changes in reproductive organ weights at the highest dose, and the opinion describes no study in pregnant animals or their offspring.1
  • A 2026 systematic review of randomized NMN trials in adults reports nothing on pregnancy and says larger, longer trials are needed.2
  • NIH's Office of Dietary Supplements says many supplements have not been well tested for safety in women who are pregnant or nursing.3
  • Europe's earlier upper level for nicotinamide, the vitamin B3 form NMN is converted into, also excluded pregnant and lactating women because data were lacking.1

What did Europe's food safety agency conclude about NMN and pregnancy?

The European Food Safety Authority assessed NMN in 2026 as a food supplement ingredient at up to 300 mg a day. The population it assessed was adults, excluding pregnant and lactating women, and its conclusion applies to that population only.1

Trials enrolled women who were not pregnant or breastfeeding, and Europe's safety assessment does not cover pregnancy or breastfeeding.1,4,5,6

The opinion also notes that an earlier European committee set an upper level of 900 mg a day for nicotinamide that excludes pregnant and lactating women, in view of the lack of data for these groups.1

What do animal studies show about NMN and reproduction?

In a 90-day rat study, the highest dose changed the weight of reproductive organs, including a lower ovary weight in females. Europe's assessors set the no-effect level at the dose below it and judged the margin to 300 mg a day in people sufficient.1

That study used adult male and female rats, and the opinion describes no study in pregnant animals or in offspring.1

When we searched PubMed on October 11, 2026, we found experiments with NMN in pregnant mice and pigs. They were not written as safety assessments for people, and this page does not rely on them.

Has NMN been tested in pregnant women?

We found no study of NMN supplements in pregnant women. A 2026 systematic review pooled 15 randomized trials of NMN in adults, at 250 to 2,000 mg a day for 14 days to 24 weeks, and reports nothing on pregnancy. Its authors say larger and longer trials are needed to confirm long-term safety.2

What does NMN's vitamin B3 side mean in pregnancy?

Europe counts NMN as a source of nicotinamide, a form of vitamin B3. NIH's fact sheet on niacin sets an upper level for supplemental niacin in pregnancy of 35 mg a day for adults and 30 mg for ages 14 to 18, and says it applies to both nicotinic acid and nicotinamide. The same sheet says NMN is not marketed or labeled as a source of niacin, and the sheet does not say how an NMN product should count toward that level.1,7

Because multivitamin and B-complex supplements also contain niacin, the amount of vitamin B3 in everything you take is a fair question for your doctor.7

Who should ask a doctor before using NMN during pregnancy?

  • Anyone who is pregnant, before using NMN or any new supplement, because NIH says many have not been well tested in pregnancy.3
  • Anyone who takes a prescription medicine, including medicines for blood sugar, because insulin measured after lunch rose in healthy adults taking NMN in one study.3,8
  • Anyone who already takes niacin, nicotinamide or nicotinamide riboside, or a multivitamin with niacin.1,7

Bring the Supplement Facts panel of every product you use, so your doctor can see the NMN amount and any other B vitamins.3

Questions people ask

Is NMN supplement safe for pregnancy?

Europe's food safety agency excluded pregnant and lactating women from its 2026 NMN assessment, and we found no study of NMN supplements in pregnant women. Ask your doctor before using one.1

Can you take NMN when pregnant?

The NMN trials we read and EFSA's assessment covered adults who were not pregnant or breastfeeding, so the sources checked give no finding for pregnancy either way. Ask your doctor first.1,4

Is nicotinamide safe in pregnancy?

Europe's earlier upper level for nicotinamide excluded pregnant and lactating women because data were lacking. NIH sets an upper level for supplemental niacin in pregnancy that covers nicotinamide, so ask your doctor about any vitamin B3 supplement.1,7

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Sources

  1. EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA); Turck D, Bohn T, Cámara M, et al. Safety of beta-nicotinamide mononucleotide (β-NMN) pursuant the regulation (EU) 2015/2283 and the bioavailability of nicotinamide from this source in the context of Directive 2002/46/EC. EFSA J. 2026;24(5):e10007. Opened 2026-10-01.
  2. Yang W, Huang J, Tang Z, Chen C, Sun Y. Safety and Metabolism-Related Outcomes of Oral Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Supplementation in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2026;18(14):2251. Opened 2026-10-07.
  3. National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know. Fact sheet for consumers. Updated January 4, 2023. Opened 2026-10-07.
  4. Okabe K, Yaku K, Uchida Y, et al. Oral Administration of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Is Safe and Efficiently Increases Blood Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Levels in Healthy Subjects. Front Nutr. 2022;9:868640. Opened 2026-10-07.
  5. Katayoshi T, Uehata S, Nakashima N, Nakajo T, Kitajima N, Kageyama M, Tsuji-Naito K. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolism and arterial stiffness after long-term nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):2786. Opened 2026-10-01.
  6. Yi L, Maier AB, Tao R, et al. The efficacy and safety of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) supplementation in healthy middle-aged adults: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-dependent clinical trial. Geroscience. 2023;45(1):29-43. Opened 2026-10-01.
  7. National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. Niacin: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. Updated November 18, 2022. Opened 2026-10-07.
  8. Yamane T, Imai M, Bamba T, Uchiyama S. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) intake increases plasma NMN and insulin levels in healthy subjects. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2023;56:83-86. Opened 2026-10-07.

This page is information, not medical advice. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about your own situation.